02/14/2014 17:21

 

 With the gradual construction of the tall , short durations direction, the demolition of tower cranes in construction of increasingly frequent assembly and disassembly has become a very important part of the work . Author based on years of work experience in the demolition of the tower crane should pay attention to several issues with colleagues questionable, in order to increase the total .

1 staff organization
Tower crane assembly and disassembly is an important and dangerous and stressful jobs dimensional works must attach great importance to the ideological arguments , from the organization is fully guaranteed . In addition to construction management and with the necessary professional and technical personnel , all construction workers should be subject to professional education, with corresponding types of safety knowledge , skills certificates. Construction Tower crane assembly and disassembly performed by professional construction team .

2 Select the installation site
Under the premise of the tower model has been selected , the installation site selection should be good at the following : �� the first installation to complete the overall project construction , to avoid secondary displacement ; �� avoid dead ends appear on the construction plane ; �� fixed attachment points easy selection and installation ; �� facilitate the completion of construction tower crane dismantling and transportation ; avoid �� construction space within its sub- structures , such as high-voltage grid ; �� need help with the installation according to the construction lifting equipment and other building components .

3 to discuss the demolition of construction equipment and machinery ready
3.1 Problems in
Tower crane migration typically involves the removal , transportation, installation and other aspects of the equipment and machinery must be carefully organizational arrangements necessary to ensure safety, but also to improve the efficiency and economic benefits. It should be noted : �� all lifting equipment is installed both to avoid overkill , and not permitted to use the overload capacity ; �� Tower crane transport equipment should be based on the quality of the various components , dimensions and other arrangements to try to avoid long , high, wide, overweight transportation ; �� maximize the use of edge removal, side loading transport , construction and installation methods edges to avoid secondary unlucky or not occupied the construction site to the heart ; �� site should be willing to work with or ambulance , aerial work must be equipped with necessary communication tools enabling safe operation , normal construction .
3.2 Prepare an inventory of equipment and spare parts
Construction of missing pieces , small pieces , etc. affect the progress of common occurrences , strengthen management, inspection and maintenance to ensure the construction schedule to deal with the above components ; equipment dedicated small parts , spare parts ; special , Bolt , mother, pad ; various specifications and the number of connecting pins, shafts ; special tools and equipment are equipped with a detachable ; partially damaged structure deformation dressing tools ; rope cards, rope ring.
3.3 lifting spreader rigging choice
General construction tower crane assembly and disassembly should be equipped with white rope or nylon rope , a variety of rope sets, cables, a certain number of # 8 wire and special tools. These appliances insults have sufficient allowable tension and the safety factor , different performance spreaders , rigging subject to appropriate use and disposal standards .

4 tower cranes foundation
Before installing the tower cranes must ensure a correct , well- based tower cranes foundation for fixed pedestal and two kinds of walking tracks , should pay attention to the following questions.
1 ) rail -based construction design requirements should ensure that the thickness of gravel roadbed width , spacing sleepers , rails model , rail joints, connecting rod, bumper , grounding and other technical requirements .
2 ) There shall be no tower cranes foundation under the culvert , dugouts , etc., should be provided with the necessary drainage facilities .
3 ) is the basis of the carrying capacity of the ground -based foundation , shall take the necessary measures to ensure that the ground carrying capacity 10-20t/m2. 3:7 compaction or lime can be used compaction methods such as construction . Avoid peer backfill with garbage do not deal directly with the base or the track .
4 ) fixed base construction design requirements should ensure that ministries size bolts embedded in particular must ensure that basic requirements of the center to the size of buildings , construction and attached to the installation .

5 ) should be installed tower , underground construction should ensure that the Tower crane at a distance from the edge of the pit floor .
Installation and dismantling of tower cranes 5
5.1 preparation before disassembly
Dismantle the used tower cranes is the central part of the construction of a great danger , we must be fully prepared before construction : �� technician or construction plan should be prepared according to the specific characteristics of construction design and construction of the installation manual , and a safe technical tests content. Before construction program must be communicated to all construction workers jobs , avoid going through the motions ; �� construction program to deal with major and difficult parts of the assembly and disassembly method of calculation and discussed in detail , with clear construction methods , choosing the right equipment, sling, lifting point , tying methods.
5.2 assembly and disassembly operations
Banner Engineering process must be unity of thought, unity of command, use the relevant safety procedures and construction. It should be noted : �� legs lifting equipment used in construction should be playing on firm ground , pad or square wooden planks necessary ; �� oblique hanging, hanging side , select the appropriate lift crane hanging position and auxiliary traction and other measures ; �� 2m aerial above must have security protection, rain and wind is more than five stops operating , construction midway tower must be installed in a safe state in case the storm ; �� lifting operations when the boom shall never be turned , and let someone protection ; �� assembly and disassembly must be strictly required by the order of the construction program , the installation frontier boom should add weight , unassembled not be lifting heavy weight . Demolition should be removed after the demolition counterweight boom ; �� check the connections tower cranes parts are complete , reliable and effective , and its lifting , rigging and so on whether safety.
Select hanging point 5.3
Select and mounting method construction crane Tower crane assembly and disassembly point is to ensure that an important part of safe construction should pay attention to several issues . �� components lifting point should be fixed position or special lifting points can be configured by your own design if necessary. Side hanging, hanging diagonally should ensure its rational inclination. Lifting point should be selected on the structure of the inner sleeve when the jacket structure , to avoid internal and external isolation, as TQ60/80 tower spire . �� boom and the balance arm and other parts should be guaranteed after the lifting and horizontal direction, the longer the boom mounted in the longitudinal direction as far as possible non-horizontal lifting method , the hinged end of the arm that is arranged above the head end of the arm , the hinge after mounting the boom to the horizontal position , as FO/23B 50m tower boom and the like. �� tower cranes boom is articulated around two parts into one , when you try to dismantle lifting point should be selected so that the arm level, the smaller the force by the location of the temporary connection string . �� disassembly is the reverse operation to install, more dangerous, should be strictly in accordance with the instructions on the disassembly sequence construction plan their operations , must reverse the order . �� try not to use hooks Jia Shengsuo lifting heavy objects .
Testing and Debugging 6 tower cranes
Testing and commissioning of the installation and construction of the Tower crane is the last step , the last pass before the tower surface is also used, so testing and debugging is also a very important job. It should be noted : �� on various parts of the machine must be complete and detailed inspection , identify problems and timely solutions ; �� commissioning tests should also do the various parts of the maintenance work ; �� Tower crane working bodies should operate normally , all security guards should be complete effective ; �� machine inspection records should do to prepare for commissioning and acceptance of the tower cranes .
7 management system developed
Installation and removal of the Tower crane is a highly systematic management of construction projects, my unit has developed a relatively complete system of speed management measures based on years of experience and lessons learned from the organization , the system is fully guaranteed. Develop more detailed rules on the management of all aspects of construction , such as the Tower crane foundation acceptance and technical files , installation and removal mission statement , installation and removal safety technical tests , track inspection records , construction records disassembly , assembly and disassembly is complete inspection records , parts inventory records, technical tests , such as the use of safe , proven effective .